1. Background
2. Course of War
3. Result of the Third Anglo – Maratha War
4. The Treaty of Poona
5. Treaty of Gwalior
6. Treaty of Mandsaur
7. The Pindaris
8. Lord Hastings
9. Conclusion
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Topic – Third Anglo-Maratha War (1818-1819) (Notes)
Subject – History
(Modern Indian History)
Table of Contents
The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–1819) was a critical struggle in India between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire. During the battle, the Company gained control of the majority of India. It started with a British East India Company assault of Maratha land, and although being outnumbered, the Maratha army was annihilated.
Background
- Lord Hastings’ imperialistic objective was to impose British supremacy. The East India Business’s monopoly on commerce in China (save tea) expired with the Charter Act of 1813, and the company sought other markets.
- The Pindaris, who came from a variety of castes and classes, served as mercenaries in the Maratha forces. The Pindaris were unable to find regular work when the Marathas became weak.
- As a result, they began looting nearby lands, including the Companies. The English accused the Marathas of harboring the Pindaris.
- Amir Khan and Karim Khan, two Pindari chiefs, surrendered, while Chitu Khan escaped into the forests.
- Other Maratha chiefs were hurt by the treaty of Bassein, which was regarded as “a treaty with a cipher (the Peshwa).” They viewed the pact as a complete loss of independence.
- Lord Hastings’ efforts against the Pindaris were considered a violation of the Marathas’ authority, and they served to reunite the Maratha confederacy.
- During the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1817, a remorseful Bajirao II made one final attempt by gathering the Maratha leaders against the English.
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