The State Legislature is addressed in Chapter III of Part VI of the Constitution. It is made up of the state legislature and the Governor. Part VI of the Constitution deals with the state legislature’s organization, composition, duration, offices, processes, privileges, powers, and so on.

State legislature

• The State Legislature’s aim and objective are to create and introduce bills that are relevant to the state. Many powers and privileges are granted to members of the State Legislative Assembly that are equal to those granted to members of Parliament, however, these powers and functions are limited to that particular State.
• The Constitution of India discusses the relevant details regarding important constituents and requirements within the State Legislative Assembly in Articles 168 to 212.
• India’s legislative system is bicameral.
• Article 169 of the Constitution allows states to have a Legislative Council in addition to the Legislative Assembly, much as Parliament does.
• The six states with a Legislative Council are Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.

Bicameral and Unicameral States

Unicameral State

• A unicameral legislature is one in which just one legislative chamber performs all functions, such as adopting laws, passing budgets, and debating national and international issues.
• Because most countries have a unicameral legislature, it is the most common. It is an effective kind of legislation since it makes the law-making process easier and decreases the probability of obstacles.

Bicameral State

• We refer to a bicameral legislature as a state with two separate law-making houses that execute functions such as passing the budget and enacting legislation. At the national level, India has a bicameral legislature, but states can create their own.
• Only seven states in India have a bicameral legislature. A bicameral legislature, on the other hand, may not be as effective as a unicameral legislature.
• In certain circumstances, though, it acts as a stumbling block since it makes the legislative process more complicated.

Abolition of Creation of Legislative Councils

• The Legislative Council (also known as Vidhan Parishad) is the upper chamber of a bicameral legislature in our country. Article 169 of the Indian Constitution provides for its establishment, and it can also be removed under the same provision.
• In several of our country’s states, the Legislative Council is mentioned in Article 168. In the state of India, there is no requirement for a bicameral legislature. It’s because our founding fathers recognised that a bicameral legislature would not be achievable in every state (due to financial or any other reason).
• The Legislative Council is created or abolished under Article 169. The Legislative Legislature must approve a resolution with the backing of more than half of the entire strength of the assembly to create or abolish the Legislative Council.