1. Background
2. Course of the War
3. Significance of Treaty of Bassein
4. Result of Second Anglo-Maratha War
5. Conclusion
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Topic – Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803 – 05) (Notes)
Subject – History
(Modern Indian History)
Table of Contents
The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805) was a struggle in India between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire. Raghunathrao, Peshwa Baji Rao II’s father, had long been a source of antagonism within the Maratha confederacy due to his overarching ambition and the latter’s own inability since gaining the throne. Peshwa Baji Rao II did not command the respect that his predecessors did.
Background
- The Second Anglo-Maratha War began under identical conditions as the first.
- After Peshwa Madhavrao Narayan committed suicide in 1795, Bajirao II, Raghunathrao’s worthless son, took over as Peshwa.
- Nana Phadnavis, a fierce opponent of Bajirao II, was appointed as chief minister. The dissensions among the Marathas created an opportunity for the English to engage in Maratha affairs.
- The death of Nana Phadnavis in 1800 provided the British with an additional edge.
- At the Battle of Poona in October 1802, the united troops of Peshwa Baji Rao II and Scindia were defeated by Yashwantrao Holkar, ruler of Indore.
- Baji Rao escaped to British protection and signed the Treaty of Bassein with the British East India Company in December of the same year, yielding land for the upkeep of a subsidiary force and committing to a treaty with no other state.
- The contract would be remembered as the “death knell of the Maratha Empire.“
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