1. Gandhi’s Early Years in India
2. Champaran Satyagraha (1917)
2.1. Background of Champaran Satyagraha
2.2. Features of Champaran Satyagraha
3. Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)
3.1. Background of Ahmedabad Mill Strike
3.2. Features of Ahmedabad Mill Strike
4. Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
4.1. Background of Kheda Satyagraha
4.2. Features of Kheda Satyagraha
5. Gains from these Struggles
6. Conclusion
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Topic – Gandhiji’s Early Career and Activism (Notes)
Subject – Political Science
(Indian National Movement & Constitutional Development)
Table of Contents
In January 1915, Gandhi returned to India. In South Africa, his efforts were well known not only among the educated but also among the masses. He resolved to spend the next year touring the country, observing the people’s plight first hand. He also resolved not to take a stance on any political issue for at least a year. Gandhi was involved in three struggles in 1917 and 1918, in Champaran, Ahmedabad, and Kheda, before launching the Rowlatt Satyagraha.
Gandhi’s Early Years in India
- The Government of India joined the people of India in honoring Gandhi. In the King’s birthday honours list of 1915, he earned a “Kaiser-I-Hind” gold medal.
- His affiliation with Gokhale was proof enough that he was a safe politician.
- Gokhale was his political guru on the Indian arena. One of the first things Gokhale did was extract from Gandhi a vow that he would not express himself publicly for a year, which was to be a “year of probation.”
- Gokhale was determined that Gandhi join the Servants of India Society in Poona.
- Gandhi was only too happy to accommodate Gokhale’s wishes, but other members of the Society believed that there was too much of a difference between the Society’s principles and Gandhi’s methods.
- While the issue of his admittance as a ‘Servant of India’ was being debated, Gandhi visited his hometowns of Porbandar and Rajkot before traveling to Shantiniketan in West Bengal, the cosmopolitan university founded by poet Rabindranath Tagore.
- The trip to Shantiniketan was cut short when Poona sent word that Gokhale had died.
- He mourned Gokhale by staying barefoot for a year, and in honor of his mentor, he made another attempt to gain admission to the Servants of India Society.
- He withdrew his candidacy for admittance after discovering a severe divide in the Society on this topic.
- During his probation year, 1915, Gandhi avoided politics completely.
- In his talks and publications, he focused on individual and social reform, avoiding the concerns that dominated Indian politics.
- His caution was owing in part to his self-imposed silence, and in part to the fact that he was still researching conditions in India and making a decision.
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