1. Introduction
2. Causes of the Anglo-Burmese Wars
3. First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-26)
3.1. Treaty of Yandabo (24 February 1826)
3.2. Aftermath of the Treaty of Yandabo
4. Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852-53)
5. Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885)
5.1. Causes of the Third Burmese War
6. Burma’s Independence
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Topic – First Anglo-Burmese War(1824-1826) (Notes)
Subject – History
(Modern Indian History)
Table of Contents
Introduction
- The Anglo-Burmese Wars were a series of significant conflicts between the British Empire and the Kingdom of Burma during the 19th century.
- At the time, Burma was under the rule of the Konbaung dynasty, which had established itself as a dominant power in Southeast Asia. The Burmese rulers pursued aggressive expansionist policies, extending their influence into neighboring regions such as Assam, Arakan, and Manipur.
- Burma was unified between 1752 and 1760 by King Alaungpaya, the founder of the Konbaung dynasty. His successor, King Bodawpaya, continued this expansionist policy from his capital at Ava.
- Bodawpaya invaded territories such as Siam and annexed the Arakan region during his reign.
- By 1813, they had taken control of the present-day Manipur region.
- This brought Burma into direct contact with British India’s borders, escalating tensions between the two powers.
- The root cause of these wars lay in the conflicting objectives of the two empires. The British focused on protecting their Indian territories, while the Burmese aimed to consolidate their growing regional power.
- This clash of ambitions eventually led to the annexation of Burma into British India. Anglo-Burmese wars were British India’s most expensive and longest wars.
- There were three Burmese Wars or Anglo-Burmese Wars:
- First Anglo-Burmese War (1824 to 1826)
- Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852 to 1853)
- Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885)
Causes of the Anglo-Burmese Wars
- The expansionist urges of the British and the Burmese rulers and border clashes along the ill-defined border.
- The British urge to exploit Burma’s forest resources.
- To promote exports of British goods to the Burmese population.
- To check the spread of French commercial and political influence in Burma.
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