1. Introduction
2. Northern Phase (1658-81 AD)
3. Popular Revolts
3.1. Jats
3.2. Satnamis
3.3. Bundelas
3.4. Sikhs
4. Revolts During Aurangzeb’s Reign
5. Deccan Phase (1681-1707 AD)
6. Administration
7. Religious Policy
8. Evaluation of Aurangzeb’s Reign
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Topic – Aurangzeb (Notes)
Subject – History
(Early Medieval Indian History)
Table of Contents
Introduction
- Aurangzeb ascended to the throne in AD 1658 and assumed the title of Alamgir, which means “the Conqueror of the world”.
- He reigned for a remarkably long period of 50 years. From 1658 AD to 1681 AD, he remained in the north, but after this the political scene shifted from the north to the Deccan. He was a great military commander and was able to crush the kingdoms of Bijapur and Golconda, but his struggle with the Marathas remained indecisive. The last twenty-five years of his reign, which Aurangzeb spent in the Deccan were disastrous for the empire as bankruptcy and maladministration threatened to break it apart.
- Muhammad Akbar the rebellious son, revolted against his father Aurangzeb in 1681, weakening Aurangzeb’s position against Rajputs.
- Aurangzeb had the highest number of Hindu generals in the mughal army.
- Aurangzeb constructed ‘Bibi ka maqbara’, which is an architectural wonder with intricate design, carved motifs, imposing structures and beautifully landscaped mughal style garden. Also known as Rabia-ud-Durani or second Taj Mahal.
- Moti Masjid inside the Red Fort in Delhi was built by Aurangzeb.
- Mansabdari system was introduced mainly for effecting clean administration.
- In 1605, Portuguese introduced tobacco in India. The mughal emperor Jahangir noticed the harmful effect of tobacco and issued an order to ban it in 1617 AD.
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