1. Background
2. Measures taken by Alauddin against Mongol Invasion
3. Mongol Invasion
4. Battle of Kili
5. Siege of Delhi
6. Battle of Amroha
7. Battle of Ravi
8. After Battle of Ravi
9. Conclusion
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Topic – The Mongols (Notes)
Subject – History
(Early Medieval Indian History)
Table of Contents
During the reign of Ala-ud-Din khilji, Mongol attacks became more ferocious than before. They had previously invaded India in order to obtain booty and expand their area of influence, but now they are attacking India to avenge their previous defeats while simultaneously expanding their empire. Seven violent Mongol invasions occurred under Ala-ud-Din’s reign, but Ala-ud-Din was able to defeat the Mongols each time. Ala-ud-Din devised a firm and methodical border policy to defeat them.
Background
- The Mongols were nomadic people that lived from the Ural Mountains to the Gobi Desert in Central Asia.
- They were a turbulent tribe that was often at odds with one another until Genghis Khan brought them together in 1206.
- At his peak in 1237, he embarked on a conquering route that would see him build an empire stretching from Korea in the east to the borders of Poland in the west.
- The Mongol Empire is still the world’s largest contiguous land empire.
- When Genghis Khan chased the final monarch of the Khwarezmian Empire, Jalal al Din, all the way to the Indus River in 1221, he conducted many raids into India.
- Following Genghis Khan’s death in 1227, his sons waged a civil war within the Mongol empire.
- Following this period, large-scale invasions declined, giving the Delhi Sultanate enough time to strengthen its defenses.
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